Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Announces Full Year 2015 Results
BOSTON, MA – Global learning company Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (“HMH” or the “Company”) (NASDAQ: HMHC) today announced its financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2015.
Full Year 2015 Financial Highlights:
- Net sales increased 3% to $1,416 million compared with $1,372 million in 2014. The Educational Technology and Services (EdTech) business contributed net sales, excluding purchase accounting, of $148 million for the period May 29, 2015 to December 31, 2015.
- 2015 billings decreased 4% to $1,541 million compared with $1,602 million in 2014. The EdTech business contributed billings of $166 million for the period May 29, 2015 to December 31, 2015.
- Adjusted cash EBITDA, which accounts for the change in deferred revenue, decreased $136 million or 27%, to $359 million in 2015 compared with $495 million in 2014. Adjusted EBITDA was $235 million for the full year 2015, $30 million or 11% lower, compared with $265 million in the prior year.
- Net loss increased to $134 million or 20% for the full year 2015, from $111 million in 2014.
- For the year ended December 31, 2015, free cash flow was $162 million, a decrease of $147 million from $308 million for the same period in 2014. Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $348 million as compared with $491 million for the same period in 2014.
- As of December 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 22 million shares for $463 million under its share repurchase program returning 286% percent of free cash flow to its shareholders.
- HMH captured approximately 40% market share in its core domestic education market for K-12 instructional materials, including 43% of the new adoption market for the full year 2015, despite the 2015 core market for our key disciplines being significantly lower than 2014.
Linda K. Zecher, HMH’s President and Chief Executive Officer, commented, “2015 was an exciting year for HMH in our transformation to one of the world’s leading educational media companies. We made progress executing towards our strategic plan of expanding our footprint in the education space, and progressing in key growth markets. We undertook a successful strategic acquisition, strengthened our product portfolio and broadened our digital capabilities to further extend the depth, breadth and value of the HMH learning portfolio. In 2016, we plan to extend our K-12 leadership by deepening our business in areas like intervention and professional services, and continuing to expand into important growth markets like consumer and early childhood. With a diverse portfolio that stretches beyond the classroom, we remain uniquely positioned to forge a meaningful connection between school and home.”
Eric Shuman, Chief Financial Officer of HMH, stated, “We delivered solid results, maintained a leading market share, returned capital to our shareholders and generated solid free cash flow. We believe that our expanded content portfolio and continued investment in strategic growth areas positions us for a strong 2016.”
2015 Business Highlights:
Education Segment: Within its core domestic education market, HMH captured over 43% share of new adoptions, bringing its total market share to approximately 40%. HMH had major wins in the California and Tennessee math and West Virginia reading and language arts adoptions. Digital content represented approximately 48% of billings within large education basal programs and approximately 34% overall.
In the upcoming year, the Company will continue to focus on high-quality content, expanding its suite of offerings designed to meet the Next Generation Science Standards and enhancing its core content like English Language Arts programs Collections and Journeys.
The EdTech acquisition accelerated the Company’s expansion into areas outside the K-12 core curriculum, including intervention, early childhood and professional services. With this acquisition, HMH believes, it has one of the deepest and broadest Pre K -12 content and services portfolio and capabilities within the industry. Additionally, HMH combined its legacy professional services business with the acquired professional services business to create HMH Professional Services and increase its capabilities in this important area.
To further extend the value HMH provides to educators and students, also in 2015, the Company announced the beta launch of HMH Marketplace, an online destination for educators to discover, share and sell resources that enhance the teaching and learning experience. The HMH Marketplace will be available in the second quarter of 2016.
Consumer and Early Learning: Reflecting HMH’s commitment to providing high-quality content for early learners and their parents, HMH launched Curious World, an interactive content service that offers an expanding collection of games, videos and eBooks mapped to key early learning areas. In its first few months, Curious World has already gained rapid success, being named one of the top kids apps by Apple®, and reaching over 500,000 freemium installs.
Additionally, in the consumer space, the Company re-launched Cliffsnotes.com, acquired eBook and technology assets from MeeGenius, and expanded its technology partnership with gaming platform Osmo.
Trade Publishing Segment:
In 2015, HMH’s Trade Publishing segment experienced strong sales driven by the success of frontlist culinary titles, including New York Times best-seller The Whole30, The Real Paleo Diet Cookbook, Jacques Pépin Heart & Soul in the Kitchen and Cake My Day. Additionally, the Company released critically acclaimed Girl Waits With Gun; Rosemary, the Hidden Kennedy Daughter; and The Thing Explainer, by Randall Munroe, the best-selling author of What If?.
HMH also continues to build its offering and pipeline of new books, signing a four book deal with Newbery medalist, author and poet Kwame Alexander, and obtaining the publishing rights to HGTV reality stars The Property Brothers’ debut title Dream Home: The Property Brothers’ Ultimate Guide to Finding & Fixing Your Perfect House, as well as the memoir of U.S. women’s national soccer team captain, Carli Lloyd, both of which are slated to be released in 2016.
Full Year 2015 Financial Results
Net Sales and Billings: HMH reported net sales of $1,416 million for the full year 2015, up 3% or $44 million compared with $1,372 million in 2014. Full year billings were $1,541 million, down 4% or $62 million lower compared with $1,602 million in 2014.
Education segment net sales for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $42 million to $1,251 million and Trade Publishing net sales increased $2 million from 2014 to $165 million.
The $42 million or 3.5% increase in the Education segment net sales was driven by the $148 million contribution, excluding purchase accounting, from the acquired EdTech business. This increase was substantially offset by lower net sales of the domestic education business, which decreased by $98 million, due to the comparable prior year large Texas math and science adoptions. Offsetting a portion of the lower domestic education sales in 2015 was a strong performance in the California math and West Virginia reading adoptions.
The $2 million or 1% increase in Trade Publishing net sales was driven by higher net sales of front-list culinary titles such as The Whole 30, The Real Paleo Diet Cookbook, Jacques Pépin Heart & Soul in the Kitchen and Cake My Day partially offset by prior year strong net sales of titles such as the bestselling What If? and The Giver.
Cost of Sales: Overall cost of sales were flat at $824 million in 2015 compared with 2014. Cost of sales, excluding publishing rights and pre-publication amortization, increased $34 million in 2015 to $623 million from $589 million in 2014 primarily due to the $44 million increase in net sales along with higher costs related to changes in product and services mix, shorter print runs and higher technology costs to support digital products. This resulted in an increase in cost of sales as a percent of net sales, excluding publishing rights and pre-publication amortization, from 43% to 44%.
Selling and Administrative Costs: Selling and administrative costs increased 11% or $69 million from $613 million in 2014 to $681 million in 2015, primarily due to $63 million of expenses attributed to the EdTech business, $21 million of professional and legal fees associated with a secondary equity offering and acquisition costs, along with higher salary and promotion costs. These were partially offset by a $28 million decrease in sales commissions. Excluding the EdTech business and the equity offering, selling and administrative expenses would have been lower by 2.5%, primarily due to lower sales commissions.
Operating Loss: Operating loss for the full year 2015 increased $31 million, or 36%, to a loss of $116 million from $85 million in 2014 due to the aforementioned factors related to net sales, cost of sales and selling and administrative costs. Partially offsetting the loss was a $24 million net reduction in amortization expenses related to publishing rights, pre-publication costs and other intangible asset amortization as well as a $3 million reduction in severance and other charges from 2014.
Net Loss: Net loss for the full year was $134 million, up 20% or $22 million from a net loss of $111 million in 2014, primarily due to the same drivers impacting operating loss. Additionally, interest expense for the full year increased $14 million, or 76%, to $32 million from $18 million for the same period in 2014, substantially due to the increase to our term loan from $243 million to $800 million. These factors were partially offset by $26 million favorable change in our tax provision attributed to a release of an accrual for uncertain tax positions as the statutory period expired.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Cash EBITDA: Adjusted EBITDA for the full year 2015 was $235 million, down $30 million or 11% from $265 million in 2014, primarily due to lower net sales from HMH’s legacy business, higher cost of sales and increased expenses associated with the Company’s growth initiatives. This decrease was partially offset by the contribution from the EdTech business. Within HMH’s Education segment, adjusted EBITDA was $269 million, compared with $298 million last year, and adjusted EBITDA for the Trade Publishing segment was $8 million compared with $13 million in 2014. The adjusted EBITDA for Corporate and other costs, which represent certain general overhead costs not fully allocated to the business segments, such as legal, accounting, treasury, human resources, technology and executive functions, was a loss of $42 million for the full year compared with a loss of $46 million in 2014.
Adjusted cash EBITDA, defined as adjusted EBITDA plus the change in deferred revenue, was $359 million for 2015, down $136 million or 27% from $495 million in 2014. Deferred revenue of $124 million in 2015 was $106 million lower as compared with $230 million in 2014 primarily due to the comparable prior year large Texas math and science and the Florida language arts adoptions which contributed to higher digital billings.
Cash Flow: Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $348 million as compared with $491 million for the same period in 2014. The $143 million decrease was primarily a result of lower billings stemming from a smaller domestic education market, higher interest from the increase in the Company’s term loan and other working capital changes. Free cash flow, defined as net cash from operating activities minus capital expenditures, for the year ended December 31, 2015, was $162 million compared with $308 million for the same period in 2014. As of December 31, 2015, HMH had $432 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments compared with $743 million at December 31, 2014. The $311 million decrease in cash was primarily due to the Company’s share repurchase program.
Fourth Quarter 2015 Financial Results
Net Sales and Billings: HMH reported net sales of $298 million for the fourth quarter of 2015, up 12% or $33 million compared to $265 million in the same quarter of 2014. The increase was primarily due to net sales from the EdTech business partially offset by lower net sales in international due to the timing of orders. Education and Trade Publishing segment net sales for the fourth quarter of 2015 were $248 million and $50 million, respectively, compared with $218 million and $48 million, respectively, in the fourth quarter of 2014. Billings for the fourth quarter of 2015 were $275 million, up 10% or $24 million compared with $251 million for the same period in 2014.
Cost of Sales: Overall cost of sales increased 4% or $7 million to $191 million in the fourth quarter of 2015 from $184 million in the same period of 2014, while cost of sales, excluding publishing rights and pre-publication amortization increased $14 million from $124 million in 2014 to $138 million in 2015. As a percent of net sales, cost of sales, excluding pre-publication and publishing rights amortization decreased from 47% in the fourth quarter of 2014 to 46% from the fourth quarter of 2015.
Selling and Administrative Costs: Selling and administrative costs increased $20 million from $156 million in the fourth quarter of 2014 to $176 million for the same period in 2015, primarily due to the EdTech business, partially offset by lower commissions and incentive compensation.
Operating Loss: Operating loss for the fourth quarter of 2015 was $77 million, $3 million or 4% lower than the $80 million operating loss recorded in the same period of 2014 due to the aforementioned changes in net sales, cost of sales, and selling and administrative costs.
Net Loss: Net loss of $97 million in the fourth quarter of 2015 was $13 million or 16% higher compared to a net loss of $84 million in the same quarter of 2014, primarily due to the same factors impacting operating loss along with increased interest expense as a result of the $800 million term loan and an increased income tax expense provision.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Cash EBITDA: Adjusted EBITDA for the fourth quarter of 2015 was $16 million, an increase of $7 million from $9 million in the same quarter of 2014. For the fourth quarter 2015, adjusted EBITDA for the Education segment was $22 million, compared with $13 million in the same quarter of 2014. Adjusted EBITDA for the Trade Publishing segment was $5 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 and 2014. The adjusted EBITDA for Corporate and Other costs, which represent certain general overhead costs not fully allocated to the business segments, such as legal, accounting, treasury, human resources, technology, and executive functions, was a loss of $11 million for the quarter compared with a loss of $9 million in same quarter of 2014. Adjusted cash EBITDA, defined as adjusted EBITDA plus the change in deferred revenue, was a loss of $8 million in the fourth quarter, down $2 million from $6 million in the fourth quarter of 2014.
2016 Outlook
The Company is providing annual guidance on billings, net sales and pre-publication or content development costs.
HMH’s 2016 billings are expected to be in the range of $1,625 million to $1,700 million, reflecting a comparable core domestic education market, a full year of EdTech billings and growth in key target markets. The Company expects annual net sales in 2016 to be in the range of $1,500 million to $1,575 million. Additionally, pre-publication or content development costs for 2016 are expected to be approximately $120 to $140 million.
Capital Allocation
On November 3, 2015, the HMH Board of Directors authorized an increase in the size of its existing share repurchase program by an additional $500 million for an aggregate total of $1 billion. The aggregate $1 billion share repurchase program may be executed through the end of 2018. Repurchases under the program may be made from time to time in open market, including under trading plans, or privately negotiated transactions. The extent and timing of any such repurchases would be at the Company’s discretion and subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other considerations.
During the fourth quarter, HMH repurchased 11.4 million shares for approximately $224 million in the open market and through privately negotiated transactions bringing year to date total to approximately $463 million of shares. As of the end of the fourth quarter, approximately $537 million was available for share repurchases under the aggregate $1 billion share repurchase program.
The share repurchases align with HMH’s broader capital allocation strategy, which focuses on driving organic growth, pursuing strategic acquisition opportunities and returning capital to stockholders, when appropriate.
Additionally, as previously announced, subject to market and other conditions, the Company plans to increase its debt by $250 million and use some or all of the net proceeds from the financing to fund a portion of its share repurchases under the share repurchase program among other general corporate purposes.
Conference Call
At 8:30 a.m. EST on Thursday, February 25, 2016, HMH will also host a conference call to discuss the results with its investors. The call will be webcast live at ir.hmhco.com. The following information is provided for investors who would like to participate:
Toll Free: (844) 835-6565
International: (484) 653-6719
Passcode: 38583489
Moderator: Rima Hyder, Vice President, Investor Relations
Webcast Link: http://edge.media-server.com/m/p/ja26sx7h
An archived webcast with the accompanying slides will be available at ir.hmhco.com for one year for those unable to participate in the live event. An audio replay of this conference will also be available until March 3, 2016 via the following telephone numbers: (855) 859-2056 in the United States and (404) 537-3406 internationally using passcode 38583489.
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our financial statements presented in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), we have presented adjusted EBITDA, adjusted cash EBITDA, billings and free cash flow as non-GAAP measures in addition to our GAAP results. This information should be considered as supplemental in nature and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. Management believes that the presentation of these non-GAAP measures provides useful information to investors regarding our results of operations because it assists both investors and management in analyzing and benchmarking the performance and value of our business.
Management believes that the presentation of adjusted EBITDA provides an indicator of our performance that is not affected by debt restructurings, fluctuations in interest rates or effective tax rates, non-cash charges, or levels of depreciation or amortization along with cost such as severance, facility closure cost, and acquisition cost. Accordingly, our management believes that this measurement is useful for comparing our performance from period to period. In addition, targets and positive trends in adjusted cash EBITDA and billings are used as performance measures and to determine certain compensation of management. Management believes that the presentation of adjusted cash EBITDA and billings also provide useful information to our investors and management as an indicator of our cash performance as it takes into account our deferred revenue and, with respect to adjusted cash EBITDA, is not affected by the aforementioned items excluded from adjusted EBITDA. Management also believes that the presentation of free cash flow provides useful information to our investors because management regularly reviews free cash flow as an important indicator of how much cash is generated by normal business operations, excluding capital expenditures, and makes decisions based on it.
Other companies may define these non-GAAP measures differently and, as a result, our measure of these non-GAAP measures may not be directly comparable to adjusted EBITDA, adjusted cash EBITDA, billings and free cash flow of other companies. Although we use non-GAAP measures as financial measures to assess the performance of our business, the use of non-GAAP measures are limited as they include and/ or do not include certain items not included and/or included in the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Billings, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted cash EBITDA should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, net income or loss prepared in accordance with GAAP as a measure of performance; and free cash flow should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, net cash provided by operating activities prepared in accordance with GAAP as a measure of performance. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted cash EBITDA are not intended to be a measure of liquidity nor is free cash flow intended to be a measure for discretionary use. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these non-GAAP measures. A reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is provided in the appendix to this news release.
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About Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (NASDAQ:HMHC) is a global learning company dedicated to changing people’s lives by fostering passionate, curious learners. As a leading provider of pre-K–12 education content, services, and cutting-edge technology solutions across a variety of media, HMH enables learning in a changing landscape. HMH is uniquely positioned to create engaging and effective educational content and experiences from early childhood to beyond the classroom. HMH serves more than 50 million students in over 150 countries worldwide, while its award-winning children’s books, novels, non-fiction, and reference titles are enjoyed by readers throughout the world. For more information, visit www.hmhco.com.
